BASIC TERMS

 

The word 'COMPUTER'  is originated from the latin word 'COMPUTARE'.

Computare : To calculate/count/compute

Computer : The computer is an electronic machine that can be programmed to do any task automatically and accurately.

Hardware: The physical components of a computer system, such as the monitor, keyboard, motherboard, and hard drive.

Software: Programs and operating systems that run on the computer hardware, such as Windows, macOS, Linux, Microsoft Office, and web browsers. 

CPU (Central Processing Unit): The brain of the computer that performs instructions defined by software.

RAM (Random Access Memory): Temporary storage that the CPU uses to store data that is being used and processed. 

Hard Drive / SSD (Solid State Drive): Permanent storage for the computer's data and programs. SSDs are faster than traditional hard drives.

Motherboard: The main circuit board that holds the CPU, memory, and other essential components. 

Operating System (OS): The software that manages all hardware and other software on a computer, examples include Windows, macOS, and Linux.

Peripheral Devices: External devices connected to the computer, such as a mouse, keyboard, printer, and external drives.

    Input Devices: Devices used to input data into a computer, like a keyboard and mouse.

    Output Devices: Devices that output data from a computer, like monitors and printers.

GUI (Graphical User Interface): The visual part of the computer operating system that allows users to interact with the computer using graphics, icons, and menus.

Network: A collection of computers and other devices connected together to share resources and information.

Internet: A global network of networks that connects millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks.

IP Address: A unique string of numbers separated by periods that identifies each computer using the Internet Protocol to communicate over a network.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator): The address used to access web pages on the internet.

Firewall: A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

Virus: Malicious software designed to harm, corrupt, or illegally access computer systems.

 Backup: A copy of data stored separately from the original to protect against data loss.

 Cloud Computing: Delivery of computing services like storage, processing, and software over the internet.

 Byte: A unit of digital information that consists of 8 bits. It's a basic unit of data in computer systems.